Reproductive = Health Indicators

Reportable Diseases in = Renfrew = County and=20 District

Renfrew County and District Community Health Status=20 Report

Issue #15, 2008

Summary

Reportable=20 Diseases in Renfrew = County and District = (RC&D)=20 provides information on diseases that have been=20 reported to the local Medical Officer of Health in compliance = with=20 Ontario=92s=20 Health Protection and Promotion Act. This report examines the ten-year = period=20 1998 to 2007, so that any trends over time can be=20 observed. Where possible, information is=20 provided in relation to provincial objectives for disease = incidence and=20 immunization coverage that are identified in Mandatory Health = Programs and=20 Services Guidelines.

We = have=20 provided analysis and comments for the five most common reportable = diseases in=20 RC&D: chlamydia, hepatitis C, campylobacter enteritis, influenza, = and salmonellosis. In addition, we have provided = information on=20 hepatitis B, pertussis, and invasive meningococcal disease. The latter = three=20 diseases are preventable by routine vaccination, and there have been at = least=20 eight cases of each in RC&D during the 2000 to 2007=20 period.

Summary=20 information on the diseases examined in this = report

Disease

Percent = of all=20 RC&D reportable disease cases

2000 -=20 2007

Range in = annual=20 number of

cases reported in=20 RC&D

1998 -=20 2007

Average = annual=20 incidence rate/100,000 population

1998 -=20 2007

RC&D

Chlamydia

42%

56 -=20 127

103

166

Hepatitis = C

12%

18 -=20 49

Campylobacter

12%

16 -=20 34

Influenza

5 -=20 38

Salmonellosis

11 -=20 24

The 3 = disease=20 listed below are less common but are preventable through routine=20 immunization

Hepatitis = B

<1%

0 -=20 11

1.74

1.24

Pertussis

<1%

0 -=20 7

1.62

5.58

Meningococcal=20 disease, invasive

<1%

0 -=20 2

1.0

0.54

Chlamydia=20

The number=20 of chlamydia cases reported annually in RC&D has been increasing. = From 1998=20 to 2004, there were well under 100 cases/year. = From 2005=20 to 2007, there were well over 100 cases/year. = Chlamydia incidence rates in Ontario have = been rising=20 steadily. Incidence rates in RC&D have also been rising, but remain = well=20 below Ontario=20 rates.

The highest=20 incidence rates for chlamydia are among young females. In 2007, the = incidence=20 rate for females age 15 to 24 was 902 cases/100,000 = in=20 RC&D and 1,182 cases/100,000 in Ontario. Both rates are well above = the=20 provincial objective of 500 cases/100,000 women age 15 to=20 24.

Hepatitis=20 C=20

The hepatitis C incidence rate in RC&D has been = consistently=20 below the Ontario rate since 1998 except for = 2007, when=20 it was higher.

Campylobacter=20 enteritis=20

The campylobacter enteritis incidence rate in RC&D = has been=20 below the Ontario rate since 1998 except for = 2007, when=20 it was higher.

Salmonellosis=20

The salmonellosis incidence rate in RC&D has been = close to=20 or below the Ontario rate from 1998 to 2007.

Influenza

Annual=20 fluctuations in reported influenza incidence rates in RC&D have been = similar=20 to fluctuations in Ontario. Mortality rates in RC&D = for=20 influenza and pneumonia combined were between 12 and 16 deaths/100,000=20 population (2000 =96 2004). These rates are close to those for = Ontario as a=20 whole.

Since=20 influenza viruses are constantly changing, influenza vaccination is provided on an annual basis. Information on = annual=20 vaccination coverage is summarized in the = table below.=20

Annual influenza vaccination coverage in=20 RC&D

Target=20 group

Immunization=20 coverage

Provincial=20 Objective

People = age 65 and=20 over

about 70% = in 2000,=20 2003 and 2005

70%

Residents = of=20 long-term care facilities

between = 89 and 96%=20 for the 2003/04 to 2007/08 influenza = seasons

95%

Staff of = long-term=20 care facilities

over 80% = since=20 2002/03 except in the 2007/08 season, when coverage was down to=20 77%

70% for = health care=20 workers in contact with high-risk = individuals

Hospital=20 staff

Under=20 50%

Local=20 influenza vaccination coverage for people over age 65, residents of = long-term=20 care facilities and staff of long-term care facilities has been similar = to=20 coverage in Ontario as a whole. However, local = vaccination=20 coverage for hospital staff has been consistently lower than in = Ontario as a = whole.=20

Future=20 concerns

It = is=20 important to continue with activities directed at the surveillance, = prevention,=20 diagnosis, treatment and control of infectious diseases. Future = challenges with=20 infectious diseases could include dealing with pandemic influenza, and = emerging=20 infectious agents including antibiotic-resistant=20 organisms.